Which validation technique involves reviewing existing documentation during an audit?

The validation technique that involves reviewing existing documentation during an audit is documentation. This method is critical in assessing compliance with safety standards and regulations, as it provides tangible evidence of policies, procedures, and practices that have been implemented.

Documentation review enables the auditor to verify that the processes outlined in the safety management system are not only in place but also being followed. It allows for an analysis of records such as inspection reports, training records, incident reports, and safety meeting minutes. This technique helps to establish whether the documented procedures align with actual practices observed in the field, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of the safety management system's effectiveness.

In audits, relying solely on other validation techniques like observations, expert analysis, or interviews may not provide a complete picture. Each of these methods has its own strengths but does not specifically focus on the thorough analysis of existing records, which is fundamental in confirming compliance and continuous improvement in safety management. Therefore, focusing on documentation is essential for a detailed and accurate audit process.