What ethical principle emphasizes doing what is right for each individual?

The principle that emphasizes doing what is right for each individual is grounded in rights-based ethics. This approach focuses on the inherent rights of individuals, asserting that every person has certain fundamental entitlements that must be respected and prioritized. It places importance on the dignity and autonomy of each individual, advocating for actions and decisions that uphold these rights.

In a rights-based framework, the moral obligation is to consider and protect the rights of individuals in every situation. This can manifest in various contexts, such as ensuring fair treatment, safeguarding personal freedoms, and recognizing the individuality of people in ethical decision-making processes.

The other options address different ethical theories. Utilitarianism prioritizes the greatest good for the greatest number, often at the expense of individual rights. Duty-based ethics, or deontological ethics, focuses on adherence to moral rules or duties, which might not always consider individual circumstances. Collectivism emphasizes the needs and goals of the group as a whole, potentially overshadowing individual rights. Thus, the rights-based approach specifically aligns with the emphasis on doing what is right for each individual.